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What Plumbers Use to Unclog Their Drains

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Oxidizing drain cleaners contain bleach, peroxides or nitrates that release oxygen when poured down the drain. This chemical reaction oxidizes the organic materials in the clog, which breaks them down into smaller pieces and releases heat and gas that pushes them away from the pipe walls. These cleaners are safe for pipes when applied properly and can work well on food-based clogs like kitchen sink blockages and clumps of hair in shower or toilet drains.

Caustic drain cleaners are bases, like lye or caustic potash, that give up their own electrons to the clog material in a similar chemical reaction to create heat and break down the clog. These cleaners are effective against grease clogs in kitchen drains by turning the grease into a soapy substance that dissolves more easily. However, they aren’t as effective at dissolving hair clogs in shower and toilet drains.

Acid drain cleaners are the most aggressive, containing ingredients such as sulfuric or hydrochloric acid that interact with a clog to generate heat and melt through it. These types of drain cleaners aren’t as easy to use and can be extremely dangerous for your pipes when used incorrectly. However, they can also be the most effective for removing tough or stuck-on clogs.

Enzymatic Cleaners

While chemical drain cleaners use harsh chemicals, which may harm pipes and the environment, enzymatic cleaners utilize natural processes. These cleaners contain enzymes and bacterial cultures that break down the organic materials that cause clogs. This allows them to dislodge and clean clogs without damaging your plumbing system. Additionally, these cleaners are safer for septic systems and the environment.

As the name suggests, enzymatic cleaners work using enzymes, which are natural proteins that act as catalysts in a variety of biochemical reactions. These cleaners have become extremely popular for a wide range of household tasks, from erasing stains and odors to cleaning drains and septic systems.

When used as directed, enzymatic cleaners are safe for most drainpipes and septic systems. However, they’re not as strong as chemical drain cleaners and will take longer to dissolve clogs. They also won’t work as well on stubborn grease clogs and mineral deposits.

Most enzymatic cleaners require that you dilute them with water before applying them to your pipe. This helps the bacteria and enzymes get to work quickly on the clog instead of wasting time trying to decompose water. Additionally, you should apply a thick layer of the cleaner to the surface of your drain and leave it to sit overnight.

Some enzymatic cleaners, such as the highly-rated Bio-Clean Drain Septic, are safe to pour directly down your toilet. This ensures that it will spread throughout your home’s plumbing system and eliminate a slow or clogged drain.

Enzyme-powered stain removers are ideal for baby stains and messes. From poop and vomit to spit up and baby food, these stains can be tough to remove. However, if you presoak the clothes with an enzyme-powered stain remover before washing them, they can be easily removed in the wash.

Chemical Cleaners

Chemical drain cleaners are pure or mixtures of chemicals that help dissolve blockages in toilets, sinks and bathtubs. They’re available as liquids, gels or powders and typically work by attacking the material that causes clogs like hair, grease and food. These cleaners can be found at most hardware stores and are marketed as convenient, effective and fast. They’re best for clogs that occur close to the drain opening and can be easily reached.

The problem with these cleaners is that they can be damaging to pipes, especially older ones. They’re also often highly caustic and can eat away at metal. They may even degrade plastic pipes. They can also contaminate water supplies and emit toxic fumes that can damage the nose, eyes and lungs.

Many plumbers avoid using chemical drain cleaners because they can be dangerous to people and the environment. If a plumber does use them, they’ll read and follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully to reduce the risk of injury or contamination.

Despite the risks, some homeowners still rely on chemical drain cleaners because they’re convenient and fast. These cleaners don’t always work, though. They can leave behind a sludgy residue and aren’t effective for totally clogged pipes. They’re also not recommended for toilet clogs because they can’t travel up the curve of the pipe and aren’t safe for septic systems.

If you do choose to use chemical drain cleaners, make sure to fully flush the pipes afterward to remove any residual chemicals. Also, never mix them with other cleaners or pour them down more than once. They can react to form dangerous gasses and cause severe burns. Finally, be careful not to spill these cleaners on yourself or your family members as they can irritate the skin and eyes.

If you’re concerned about the environmental impact of chemical cleaners, consider switching to natural drain cleaners like baking soda and vinegar. These are safer for the environment and your pipes but take longer to work on stubborn clogs. The key is to regularly clean your drains with hot water to prevent buildups that require more intensive cleaners.

High-Pressure Water Jetters

High-pressure water jetters, also known as hydro jetting, are powerful tools plumbers use to blast away buildups and wash debris from pipes. They are especially effective for unclogging sewer lines and can cut through tough obstructions like tree roots. Unlike traditional drain cleaning tools such as brushes and augers, jetters can clear large blockages much faster and with less effort.

To use a high-pressure water jetter, plumbers insert a nozzle into the access point of the blocked drain, sewer or pipe. The nozzle has small openings that control the direction and velocity of the water jet. One primary water jet points forward cutting through blockages, while multiple smaller jets point backward to push away debris and wash the pipe clean. Plumbers can adjust the water flow and pressure to suit their needs.

When used properly, the high-pressure water can clean out entire sections of a pipe in minutes without damaging the surface of the pipe. It is best for larger blockages that have not been cleared by other methods and is more effective than chemical cleaners which often clog the drains with residue.

Jetters are available in a wide range of sizes and power outputs to match the size of your pipe and the type of blockage. Smaller jetters are portable and ideal for unclogging kitchen sinks. Larger jetters are usually attached to a trailer and can be used on commercial scale plumbing systems. They can be adjusted for different nozzle sizes and are equipped with hundreds of feet of hose to reach any location in the plumbing system.

Having your drains and sewer lines cleaned with high-pressure water jetting can help extend their life and save you money on costly repairs. In addition to removing grease, hair and other small blockages, plumbers can also use hydro jetting to inspect your sewer line for any cracks or collapsed sections.

The EPA estimates that more than half of the sewage that arrives at wastewater treatment plants starts as clean rainwater that infiltrated service laterals. Regular cleaning with hydro jetting can keep this contaminated water from entering the water supply and help prevent costly sewer line backups and spills.